SeaDuke is malware that was used by APT29 from 2014 to 2015. It was used primarily as a secondary backdoor for victims that were already compromised with CozyCar. ^[1]

ID: S0053

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Associated Software: SeaDaddy, SeaDesk

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Type: MALWARE

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Platforms: Windows

Version: 1.1

Created: 31 May 2017

Last Modified: 26 April 2021

Techniques Used

Domain	ID		Name	Use
Enterprise	T1071	.001	Application Layer Protocol: Web Protocols	SeaDuke uses HTTP and HTTPS for C2.^[1]
Enterprise	T1560	.002	Archive Collected Data: Archive via Library	SeaDuke compressed data with zlib prior to sending it over C2.^[2]
Enterprise	T1547	.001	Boot or Logon Autostart Execution: Registry Run Keys / Startup Folder	SeaDuke is capable of persisting via the Registry Run key or a .lnk file stored in the Startup directory.^[3]
		.009	Boot or Logon Autostart Execution: Shortcut Modification	SeaDuke is capable of persisting via a .lnk file stored in the Startup directory.^[3]
Enterprise	T1059	.001	Command and Scripting Interpreter: PowerShell	SeaDuke uses a module to execute Mimikatz with PowerShell to perform Pass the Ticket.^[4]
		.003	Command and Scripting Interpreter: Windows Command Shell	SeaDuke is capable of executing commands.^[3]
Enterprise	T1132	.001	Data Encoding: Standard Encoding	SeaDuke C2 traffic is base64-encoded.^[3]
Enterprise	T1114	.002	Email Collection: Remote Email Collection	Some SeaDuke samples have a module to extract email from Microsoft Exchange servers using compromised credentials.^[4]
Enterprise	T1573	.001	Encrypted Channel: Symmetric Cryptography	SeaDuke C2 traffic has been encrypted with RC4 and AES.^[2]^[3]
Enterprise	T1546	.003	Event Triggered Execution: Windows Management Instrumentation Event Subscription	SeaDuke uses an event filter in WMI code to execute a previously dropped executable shortly after system startup.^[5]
Enterprise	T1070	.004	Indicator Removal on Host: File Deletion	SeaDuke can securely delete files, including deleting itself from the victim.^[4]
Enterprise	T1105		Ingress Tool Transfer	SeaDuke is capable of uploading and downloading files.^[3]
Enterprise	T1027	.002	Obfuscated Files or Information: Software Packing	SeaDuke has been packed with the UPX packer.^[3]
Enterprise	T1550	.003	Use Alternate Authentication Material: Pass the Ticket	Some SeaDuke samples have a module to use pass the ticket with Kerberos for authentication.^[4]
Enterprise	T1078		Valid Accounts	Some SeaDuke samples have a module to extract email from Microsoft Exchange servers using compromised credentials.^[4]

Groups That Use This Software

ID	Name	References
G0016	APT29	^[1]^[6]

SeaDuke

Enterprise Layer

Techniques Used

Groups That Use This Software

References