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Bandook

Bandook is a commercially available RAT, written in Delphi and C++, that has been available since at least 2007. It has been used against government, financial, energy, healthcare, education, IT, and legal organizations in the US, South America, Europe, and Southeast Asia. Bandook has been used by Dark Caracal, as well as in a separate campaign referred to as "Operation Manul".[1][2][3]

ID: S0234
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Type: MALWARE
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Platforms: Windows
Version: 2.0
Created: 17 October 2018
Last Modified: 11 October 2021
Enterprise Layer
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Techniques Used

Domain ID Name Use
Enterprise T1123 Audio Capture

Bandook has modules that are capable of capturing audio.[1]
Enterprise T1059 Command and Scripting Interpreter

Bandook can support commands to execute Java-based payloads.[3]

.001 PowerShell

Bandook has used PowerShell loaders as part of execution.[3]
.003 Windows Command Shell

Bandook is capable of spawning a Windows command shell.[1][3]
.005 Visual Basic

Bandook has used malicious VBA code against the target system.[3]
.006 Python

Bandook can support commands to execute Python-based payloads.[3]
Enterprise T1005 Data from Local System

Bandook can collect local files from the system .[3]

Enterprise T1140 Deobfuscate/Decode Files or Information

Bandook has decoded its PowerShell script.[3]
Enterprise T1573 .001 Encrypted Channel: Symmetric Cryptography

Bandook has used AES encryption for C2 communication.[3]
Enterprise T1041 Exfiltration Over C2 Channel

Bandook can upload files from a victim's machine over the C2 channel.[3]
Enterprise T1083 File and Directory Discovery

Bandook has a command to list files on a system.[3]
Enterprise T1070 .004 Indicator Removal on Host: File Deletion

Bandook has a command to delete a file.[3]
Enterprise T1105 Ingress Tool Transfer

Bandook can download files to the system.[3]
Enterprise T1056 .001 Input Capture: Keylogging

Bandook contains keylogging capabilities.[4]
Enterprise T1106 Native API

Bandook has used the ShellExecuteW() function call.[3]

Enterprise T1095 Non-Application Layer Protocol

Bandook has a command built in to use a raw TCP socket.[3]

Enterprise T1027 .003 Obfuscated Files or Information: Steganography

Bandook has used .PNG images within a zip file to build the executable. [3]
Enterprise T1120 Peripheral Device Discovery

Bandook can detect USB devices.[1]
Enterprise T1566 .001 Phishing: Spearphishing Attachment

Bandook is delivered via a malicious Word document inside a zip file.[3]
Enterprise T1055 .012 Process Injection: Process Hollowing

Bandook has been launched by starting iexplore.exe and replacing it with Bandook's payload.[2][1][3]
Enterprise T1113 Screen Capture

Bandook is capable of taking an image of and uploading the current desktop.[2][3]
Enterprise T1553 .002 Subvert Trust Controls: Code Signing

Bandook was signed with valid Certum certificates.[3]

Enterprise T1082 System Information Discovery

Bandook can collect information about the drives available on the system.[3]

Enterprise T1016 System Network Configuration Discovery

Bandook has a command to get the public IP address from a system.[3]

Enterprise T1204 .002 User Execution: Malicious File

Bandook has used lure documents to convince the user to enable macros.[3]

Enterprise T1125 Video Capture

Bandook has modules that are capable of capturing video from a victim's webcam.[1]

Groups That Use This Software

ID Name References
G0070 Dark Caracal

[2][3]

References

  1. Galperin, E., Et al.. (2016, August). I Got a Letter From the Government the Other Day.... Retrieved April 25, 2018.
  2. Blaich, A., et al. (2018, January 18). Dark Caracal: Cyber-espionage at a Global Scale. Retrieved April 11, 2018.
  1. Check Point. (2020, November 26). Bandook: Signed & Delivered. Retrieved May 31, 2021.
  2. Galperin, E., Et al.. (2016, August 4). When Governments Attack: State Sponsored Malware Attacks Against Activists, Lawyers, and Journalists. Retrieved May 23, 2018.